植物NLR蛋白的多维调控机制

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中图分类号：S432.2 文献标识码：A文章编号：2097-1354（2026）01-0041-10

Abstract： In the long-term co-evolution process between plants and pathogenic microorganisms， an innate immune system，such as Pattern Recognition Receptors （PRRs） and Nucleotide-Binding Domain Leucine-Rich Repeat Containing Receptors （NLRs），was developed by plants.

NLRs mediated Effector-Triggered Immunity （ETI） by recognizing pathogen effectors，which in turn triggers a persistent and robust resistance response，making it one of the core areas of research in plant disease resistance mechanisms. This review first summarized the molecular structural features of NLR proteins and elaborated on the four recognition models by which they specifically sense pathogen effectors. It also focused on the conformational changes of NLR proteins upon activation. Specifically，this paper discussed the structure and function of resistosome and immune signaling processes mediated by helper NLRs （such as NRG1， ADR1，and NRC） within the NLR receptor network. By providing a detailed analysis of these multidimensional regulatory mechanisms， this study aimed to lay a theoretical foundation for the comprehensive understanding of plant immune regulation networks. Furthermore， the findings offer theoretical support for the identification and utilization of novel disease-resistant genes， providing new strategies and approaches for crop disease resistance breeding and sustainable disease control technologies.

Key words： plant immunity;NLRs;recognition mechanism;resistosome

20世纪初，弗洛尔提出的基因对基因假说作为极具开创性的重要概念之一，为植物免疫领域众多深入研究开辟了道路[1]。（剩余18147字）