离心泵仿生叶轮的水力性能优化与空化特性数值模拟研究

打开文本图片集

中图分类号：TH137.5 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1003-5168（2025）22-0048-05

DOI：10.19968/j.cnki.hnkj.1003-5168.2025.22.008

Numerical Simulation Study on Hydraulic Performance Optimization and Cavitation Characteristics of Bionic Impeller of Centrifugal Pump

ZHANG Jiajun WANG Yuqin TANG Bo WANG Weijun LU Yuanjian CHEN Zifan （School of Mechanical Engineering，Chaohu University，Hefei 238O24，China）

Abstract： [Purposes] Addressing the issues of high energy consumption and poor performance of centrifugal pumps，as wellas the bottlenecks of traditional optimization technologies，this study explores a new performance optimization path based on bionics to improve energy efficiency.[Methods] Taking a single-stage，single-suction centrifugal pump as the object， wave-shaped blades were designed by simulating the curvature offish tail fins.The impeller surface was treated with a shark-skin-inspired micronano structure. A three-dimensional model of the bionic pump impeller was constructed，and the internal flow field characteristics of the prototype pump and the bionic pump were compared through numerical simulation.[Findings] The bionic pump exhibits a gentler pressure gradient， effectively suppressing the adverse pressre gradient and reducing pressure fluctuations，vibration，and noise; the velocity field distribution is more uniform，lowering energy lossand noise; cavitation is significantly reduced.The nonsmooth microstructure suppresses the inception and development of cavitation by homogenizing the pressure-velocity field and controlling the boundary layer，thereby mitigating cavitation erosion and head decay.[Conclusions] The research results provide new ideas for similar designs and hold significant application value.

Keywords： centrifugal pump;bionic design； numerical simulation; hydraulic performance； cavitationcharacteristics

0 引言

离心泵作为工业领域不可或缺的流体输送设备，其存在高能耗、强噪声及传统优化技术瓶颈等诸多问题。（剩余4229字）