中国成人锻炼时长、睡眠时长与抑郁症状的关系：基于CFPS数据库2022的实证研究

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【中图分类号】R749.4 【文献标识码】A

【Abstract】Objective To examine the relationship and interaction effects between exercise duration， sleep duration， and depressive symptoms among Chinese adults. Methods Data from the 2022 China Family Panel Studies （CFPS） were used，restricted cubic spline （RCS） and multiple linear regression models were applied to analyze the relationship between exercise duration， sleep duration，and depressive symptoms. Results A total of 18，838 participants were included.Multivariate linear regresson analysis showed that， each one-standard-deviation increase in weekly exercise duration was associated with a O.12-point decrease in depressive scores 3=-0.12，95%CI（-0.19，-0.05）I Each standard deviation increase in daily sleep duration was associated with a 0.40-point decrease in depression scores [β=-0.40 0 95%CI （-0.47，-0.34）]. RCS model analysis showed that， after controlling for demographic and socioeconomic variables，weekly exercise duration was significantly and non-linearly negatively correlated with depression scores. Depression scores decreased rapidly with increasing exercise time，leveling offafter approximately 150～300 minutes per week，with no rebound in depression observed due to excessive exercise. Daily sleep duration showed a weak U-shaped association with depression scores，with the lowest depression scores observed at approximately 8 hours of sleep. Interaction effect analysis further indicated a significant exercise-sleep interaction effect ⋅β=0.08 ， 95%CI （0.03，0.13）].Under conditions of insufficient sleep，the mental health benefits of exercise were significantly reduced，while sufficient sleep significantly enhanced the antidepressant efects of moderate exercise. Conclusion Exercise and sleep exert nonlinear dose-response effects and synergistic interactions on depression.Individuals with sleep deprivation should priritize sleep improvement before integrating exercise interventions to achieve optimal mental health benefits.Public health strategies should advocate for integrated “sleep-exercise” intervention models.

【Keywords】Depressive symptoms; Exercise; Sleep; Restricted cubic splines; CFPS database

心理健康危机已成为21世纪全球公共卫生领域的重大挑战，世界卫生组织最新数据显示，全球超过2.8亿人受抑郁障碍困扰。（剩余12844字）