呼吸衰竭重症患者流行病学特征与气象因素关联性研究

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【中图分类号】R563.8 【文献标识码】A

【Abstract】 Objective To analyze the clinical epidemiological characteristics of critically ill patients with respiratory failure，utilizing spatial epidemiological methods to investigate the relationship between disease onset and seasonal variations，as wellas the impact of meteorological factors. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the demographic and clinical data of critically ill patients with respiratory failure admitted to the Emergency Intensive Care Unit ofa hospital in Shijiazhuang City from January 2022 to December 2023. The Joinpoint regression model and Cox proportional hazards model were utilized to investigate the relationship between seasonal variations and the incidence of respiratory failure in these patients，as well as to explore the corelation with meteorological factors.Results A total of 268 critically illpatients with respiratory failure were included in this study， comprising 54.10% male and 45.90% female，with a median age of 66 years. The most prevalent season for disease onset was winter， followed by autumn. A statistically significant corelation was found between seasonal changes and disease onset in patients （ ）. Six meteorological factors-monthly average maximum temperature， monthly average temperature， monthly average precipitation， monthly average wind speed， monthly average minimum temperature，and monthly average relative humidity-were all associated with respiratory failure in criticall illpatients.Among these，monthly average maximum temperature and monthly average temperature showed strong correlations，monthly average precipitation showed a moderate correlation，and the others showed weak correlations. Conclusion The incidence of respiratory failure among criticaly ill patients exhibits distinct seasonal patterns， potentially influenced by various meteorological factors. Identifying the primary meteorological risk factors affecting the onset of respiratory failure in different seasons can provide a theoretical foundation forthe prevention，control，and treatmentof such cases in the emergency department. This understanding is crucial for optimizing patient management strategies and enhancing treatment outcomes and prognosis.

【Keywords】Respiratory failure; Epidemiology; Seasonal variation; Meteorological factors

呼吸衰竭通常由肺换气或通气功能障碍引起，导致机体多种代谢和生理功能紊乱，预后较差且死亡率高，其发病率和临床表现受多种因素影响[。（剩余12535字）