昼夜节律对运动表现的影响及优化策略

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中图分类号：G80-05

DOI：10.14036/j.cnki.cn11-4513.2026.01.010

文献标志码：A

Abstract Circadian rhythms exert a potential and non-negligible effect on athletes'competitive performance.. Understanding the mechanisms underlying circadian regulation and formulating corresponding regulation strategies are critical foroptimizing trainingqualityand athletic outcomes.This study systematically expounds the mechanism by which circadian rhythms regulate athletic performance，for example，circadian rhythms exert a potential impact on athletic performance byaffcting the fluctuations of body temperature，metabolism and neuromuscular function，regulating alertness， attention and cognitive function，influencing subjective fatigue， andaffecting the adaptability to cross-time zone competitions.Accordingly，the following pre-competition optimization strategies are proposed：（1）To optimize training effcts，factors such as age，gender， genetics and birth season should be comprehensively considered; training schedules should be matched with the peak period of physiological rhythmsas preciselyas possible，while taking into account the interactive efects of cognitive function fluctuations and circadian rhythm sensitivity.（2）For cross-time zone competitions before the game，a systematic pre-competition competitive state adjustment planshould be formulated，including travel process management，post-arrival adaptation and personalized intervention;body temperatureregulation methods shouldbe fully utilized to alleviate the negative effcts of circadian rhythmsand promote peak performance; wearable devicescanbecombined withartificial inteligence tomonitorand analyzeathletes'athletic performance，grasp the law of circadian rhythms affecting athletic performance，and realize dynamic assessment and precise regulation of circadian rhythm adaptability. Future research should deepen the application of biological monitoring technologyand mathematical models in the monitoring of athletes'circadian rhythm adaptability changes and body temperature， so as to improve the refinement of personalized programs.

Keywords Circadian rhythm; Body temperature Sports performance; Wearable device; Optimization strategies

运动员出国跨时区参加国际比赛已成常态，黑夜与白天颠倒势必影响运动员的竞技状态。（剩余27765字）