基于改进边界点排斥的激光点云模型孔洞修复

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关键词：激光点云；孔洞识别；点云修复；边界点排斥

中图分类号：TP391.4文献标识码：A

doi：10.37188/OPE.20253322.3475 CSTR：32169.14.OPE.20253322.3475

Abstract：Three-dimensional laser scanning eficiently constructs accurate 3D models. However，holes often form in point clouds when measuring objects with concave surfaces or narrow gaps due to light occlusion.These holes compromise model integrity and hinder subsequent applications. Traditional repair methods rely heavily on interpolation or surface fiting，which frequently results in non-uniform curvature and loss of detail in the repaired regions. This paper aimed to address these limitations. We proposed an improved hole identification and repair method based on boundary point repulsion. Firstly，the point cloud distribution was optimized using a Weighted Local Optimal Projection （WLOP） algorithm. Subsequently，hole boundaries were accurately identified by combining normal vector analysis with local density constraints.Maximum angle screening was employed to eliminate false boundary points，preventing misclasification of high-curvature areas as holes. Furthermore，a dynamic repulsion force field model was designed.A filing path was generated by leveraging the topological relationships of single-ring neighboring points，ensuring geometric consistency between the repaired and original point clouds.Finally，median filtering Was applied to achieve smoothness consistency between the repaired hole area and the overall point cloud.Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our method. It successfully identified and repaired various types of holes on multiple complex models. On the challenging Camel model，the repair rate reached 98.7% ，and the point cloud density difference before and after repair was only 4.2% . The repair time was significantly shorter than that of LS-SVM，Poisson，PU-Net，and SeedFormer methods， beingonly 11.7% of the time required by SeedFormer. The proposed method exhibits significant advantages in preserving geometric structure and repairing details. It provides an eficient and reliable solution for laser point cloud hole repair.

Key words： laser point cloud; hole identification； point cloud repair; boundary point repulsion

1引言

三维激光扫描技术以其非接触、高精度和高效率的特点，在工业制造与检测[1]、航天航空[2]文物保护[3]、交通设施检测[4]等领域得到了广泛应用。（剩余15964字）