磷酸二氢钾在乙二醇-水体系中的成核机制及结晶动力学

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中图分类号：TQ028.8 文献标志码：A DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1003-9015.2025.00.026

Nucleation mechanism and crystallization kinetics of potassium dihydrogen phosphate in ethylene glycol-water system

MAI Wenhao， LYU Hao， ZHENG Yayuan，DU Huaiming， MA Ting，XU Xinping， GOU Cheng， ZHOU You（School ofChemical Engineering， Sichuan University of Science and Engineering， Zigong 643ooo，China）

Abstract： Potassium dihydrogen phosphate（ KH2PO4 ）is a crucial chemical component widely applied in industry，agriculture，and medicine. Although its industrial production has been relatively mature，issues such as inclusions， cracks， and dendritic crystal growth often occur in pure water systems， leading to poor optical uniformity anda low laser damage threshold.To address this problem，this study explored the growth and nucleation kinetics of KH2PO4 inan ethylene glycol-water system at a specific ratio.First，by controlling the solution's supersaturation ratio （S） and temperature，the relationship between the induction period and nucleation rate was analyzed. The results showed that homogeneous nucleation dominated when S>1.08 ，while heterogeneous nucleation dominated when S<1.06 .Regarding nucleation parameters， an increase in the supersaturation ratio significantly reduced the nucleation free energy barier，critical nucleation radius，and critical number of nucleation molecules，while increasing the primary nucleation rate，which confirmed the important roles of temperature and supersaturation ratio in the nucleation process. Analysis of the surface entropy factor demonstrated that the crystallization of KH2PO4 primarily followed a continuous growth mechanism.Second， the effects of rotation speed， supersaturation ratio，and suspension density on particle size，growth rate，and nucleation rate were investigated. The linear growth rate of KDP was fited and calculated using the two-parameter C-R model and thre-parameter ASL model，and the kinetic equations for the growth and nucleation processes were determined. This study provides areference for solving core issues in industrial KDP synthesis，such as crystal defects，high

energyconsumption，and unstableprocesses.

Key words： potassium dihydrogen phosphate;crystallization kinetics；nucleation mechanism;stirred crystallization

1前言

磷酸二氢钾（KDP）是一种广泛存在并泛化性应用于工业、农业和医学中的重要化学成分。（剩余14072字）