贾鲁河(郑州段)微塑料分布特征及污染风险评估

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中图分类号：X522；X820.4

文献标志码：A

doi：10.3969/j.issn.1000-1379.2026.05.015

引用格式： ， ， ， 等. 贾鲁河（段）微塑料分布特征及污染风险评估 [J]. 人民黄河， 2026， 48（5）： 100-107.

Distribution Characteristics and Pollution Risk Assessment of Microplastics in Jalu River （Zhengzhou Section）

SHEN Minghui， LI Yang， CHEN Xudong， AO Tianyu， LIANG Xishu， QIN Liwen， WANG Zhenyu， DOU Yanyan （School of Smart Energy and Environment， Zhongyuan University of Technology， Zhengzhou ， China）

Abstract： The distribution characteristics of microplastics in rivers are notably influenced by human activities. To investigate the occurrence characteristics and ecological risks of microplastics in water and sediment of the Jialu River （Zhengzhou section）， 12 sampling sites were established for sample collection. The distribution characteristics of microplastics in the samples were analyzed through laboratory testing. The results indicate that： The average abundance of microplastics in the water of the Jialu River （Zhengzhou section） is （5.08±3.53） per liter， and the average abundance of microplastics in the sediment is （246.75±169.09） per kilogram （dry weight）. Microplastics between 0.1–0.5 mm in size constitute the highest proportion. In water and sediments， the dominant colors are yellow and transparent， respectively. Fragments are the predominant shape in both media. Polyethylene and polypropylene occupy a relatively large proportion in water and sediments. The calculation results of the pollution load index， the hazard index and the environmental status index （ESI） indicate that： The water and sediments are at slight and moderate pollution levels， respectively. The hazard levels for water and sediment are III and II ， respectively. The impact of microplastics in water and sediments on biological health is at a moderate level.

Key words： microplastics; sediment; risk assessment; Jialu River （Zhengzhou section）

0 引言

塑料因成本低、强度高、质轻、耐用性优异而在日常生活中得到了广泛应用。（剩余14565字）