基于图像匹配的高空大斜视无源目标定位

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关键词：图像匹配；目标定位；航空光电系统；无源定位；大斜视；Transformer中图分类号：TP75；TP391.41 文献标识码：Adoi：10. 37188/OPE. 20263401.0124 CSTR：32169.14.OPE.20263401.0124

Passive target localization under high-altitude large oblique views based on image matching

JIA Ping*，LI Changhao，SUN Hui，SONG Yueming，MA Zhuoluo，XUFang （State Key Laboratory of Dynamic Optics and Imaging and Measurement，Changchun Institute ofOptics， Fine Mechanics and Physics， Chinese Academy of Sciences， Changchun 13O033， China） * Corresponding author， E-mail： jiap@ciomp. ac.cn

Abstract： The workflow begins with approximate orthorectification of aerial images using coarse positioning results and flight parameters，followed by extraction of the corresponding satelite image regions. RepVGG is employed to extract coarse image features，and initial correspondences are established via nearest-neighbor matching. Candidate pairs are then filtered using MiHo clustering and normalized crosscorrelation （NCC）． The refined correspondences are further enhanced by a Transformer module to achieve precise alignment. Based on the resulting high-precision matches，an angular eror corrction matrix is constructed，and iterative refinement is applied to efectively compensate for systematic errors.Experimental results indicate that the proposed method substantially improves positioning accuracy relative to conventional approaches，achieving an approximately 70% enhancement in representative scenarios；even at a slant range of 90km ， the positioning error remains approximately 120m . By leveraging image matching under challenging viewing geometries，the proposed pasive localization method provides a novel solution to limitations of conventional algorithms.A two-step matching strategy integrating Transformerbased feature enhancement with MiHo clustering-based filtering is introduced，efectively mitigating the ac curacy degradation of traditional passve localization under high-altitude，large-oblique viewing conditions in the presence of small angular errors.

Key words： image matching； target location；airborne photoelectric system；passive localization； large strabismus；Transformer.

1引言

在遥感侦察、精确打击及地理空间测绘等领域，快速、准确地获取战场全地形信息是实现高效指挥与决策支持的基础保障。（剩余21168字）