地基大口径光学望远镜圆顶钢结构设计

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关键词：望远镜；圆顶；钢桁架；综合载荷；变形比；应力比

中图分类号：TH643 文献标识码：A

doi：10.37188/OPE.20253321.3383 CSTR：32169.14.OPE.20253321.3383

Abstract： As the storage and protective enclosure for telescopes，the dome must exhibit superior structural performance to ensure safe operation and enable normal observation.With the increasing aperture of ground-based optical telescopes，dome dimensions have corspondingly expanded，presenting challenges to structural stability，environmental adaptability，and operational precision.This study examines the theo retical positioning and structural design of a dome for large-aperture telescope by comparing and analyzing the configurations and operational characteristics of large dome structures domesticallyand internationally. Based on the local environmental conditions at the installtion site，wind，seismic，snow，and thermal loads were analyzed；combined design loads were then established using appropriate load factors.Load cases for both open and closed states of the dome were modeled using the spatial structure design software 3D3S，and finite element simulations were performed.Results indicate that the maximum stresses in the dome truss system under open and closed conditions are 144.58MPa and 189.51MPa ，respectively，both below the material yield strength. The calculations and simulations presented provide technical guidance and reference for the design of future large-scale telescope domes.

Key words： telescope; dome;steel truss；comprehensive load; deformation ratio； stress ratio

1引言

圆顶作为地基大口径光学望远镜的存放装置，不仅发挥着基础性保护作用，更为望远镜观测质量的提升提供全方位屏障。（剩余9845字）