极区BDS多频信号分析与PPP定位性能评估

打开文本图片集

中图分类号：P228 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1008-0562（2026）02-0177-08

Abstract：To evaluate the data qualityand positioning performance of the BeiDou Navigation Satelite System （BDS）in polar environments，asystematic analysis was conducted based on 14 consecutive days of observation data from polar stations of the Intermational GNSS Service Multi-GNSS Experiment （IGS MGEX） network. The results show that in polar regions，the number of visible BDSsatelites ranges from7 to13，and the Position Dilution of Precision （PDOP）of BDS outperforms that of other Global Navigation Satelite Systems （GNSS）. Thedata completeness rates of BDS in the Antarctic and Arctic are approximately 87.79% and 91.29% ， respectively.The signal-to-noise ratios （SNR） in the two polar regions show litle diffrence with a mean value of about 45dB ，and the multipath errors range from 24.58cm to 25.38cm . In terms of positioning performance， the BDS ionosphere-free combinations of B1C+B2a and B1I+B3I exhibit outstanding performance.Compared with the L1+L2 of the Global Positioning System （GPS）， G1+G2 of the Global Navigation Satellite System （GLONASS） and E1+E5a of the Galileo Satellite Navigation System，the 3D positioning accuracy ofBDS BlC+ （204号 B2a is improved by 6.7% ， 19.6% and 18.5% in the Antarctic，and by 1.2% ， 18% and 12% in the Arctic， respectively. The 3D positioning accuracy of BDS B1I+B3I is improved by 6.7% ， 19.6% and 18.5% in the Antarctic， and by 14.8% 0 29.3% and 24.2% in the Arctic， respectively. The convergence speed of BDS B1C+B2a is reduced by 21.5% 25.1% and 14.5% in the Antarctic， and by 14.9% 32.5% and 28.6% in the Arctic， compared with that of L1+L2 ， G1+G2 and E1+E5a ，respectively. The convergence speed of BDS B1I+B3I isreduced by 26.7% ， 30.1% and 20.3% in the Antarctic， and by 50.9% ， 61.1% and 58.9% in the Arctic， compared with that of theabove three combinations，respectively.The research conclusions provide a reference for improving the positioning accuracy in the complex polar environments.

Keywords： BeiDou Navigation Satelite System （BDS）; polar regions; signal quality; Precise Point Positioning （PPP）; convergence speed

0引言

极地常年冰雪覆盖，高精度导航定位技术对于保障极区活动安全、航道疏通、资源探测及变形监测至关重要[1-4]。（剩余11097字）